BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Centre for Research on Islamic Banking & Finance and Business
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FISCAL MECHANISM OF ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Fiscal mechanisms, principally taxation and public expenditure, are central to aligning economic growth with social equity and environmental objectives in transitioning economies. In Ukraine, persistent challenges in revenue mobilization and spending efficiency necessitate quantification of how fiscal variables co-move with GDP growth. This study examines the association between budgetary revenues and GDP growth in Ukraine. Specifically, it investigates whether total tax revenue and the composition of taxation (direct versus indirect) are differentially related to growth across business cycle phases. The analysis uses annual time-series data for 2000–2022 from the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund. Variables include GDP growth (dependent), tax revenue (% of GDP), direct and indirect taxes (% of GDP), government expenditure (% of GDP), inflation, foreign direct investment (FDI, % of GDP), and trade openness (% of GDP). Quantile regression is estimated at q = 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 to capture heterogeneity across low-, median-, and high-growth conditions. Results indicate positive and statistically significant associations between tax revenue and GDP growth at all quantiles: 0.28 (q25), 0.35 (q50), and 0.42 (q75). Direct taxes display larger coefficients (0.31, 0.44, 0.51) than indirect taxes (0.12, 0.18, 0.24). Government expenditure is positively related to growth (0.15, 0.19, 0.22), as are FDI (0.20, 0.25, 0.30) and trade openness (0.18, 0.22, 0.28). Inflation is negative and not statistically significant (−0.08, −0.10, −0.12). The principal finding is that association magnitudes increase toward upper quantiles, with direct taxes exhibiting the largest coefficients relative to indirect taxes. JEL Classification Codes: H20, H21, O40, Q01.
Research Paper/Theoretical Paper/Review Paper/Short Communication Paper
Sustainable Development, Community-Based Tourism, Environmental Impact, Cultural Preservation, Tourism Management
Copyright (c) 2025 Vadym Hrebenozhko , Nataliia Kriuchkova , Viktor Melnyk (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IMPACT OF CULTURAL AUTHENTICITY AND AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT ON GLOBAL APPRECIATION OF YIYANG TUNE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EMOTIONAL RESONANCE AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF INTERCULTURAL SENSITIVITY
Traditional Chinese performing arts, such as the Yiyang tune, face increasing difficulty maintaining global relevance as cultural experiences move into digital and intercultural environments. Although authenticity and online participation are widely discussed, empirical research explaining how these factors shape emotional and appreciative responses among international audiences remains limited. This study addresses this gap by examining how the cultural authenticity of Yiyang tune presentations and digital audience engagement influence emotional resonance and international appreciation of the Yiyang tune. The study uses primary survey data collected from 290 international students in China via convenience sampling, and the data were analyzed with Smart PLS 4 to evaluate reliability, validity, direct relationships, mediating effects, and moderating effects using a structural equation modeling approach. Results indicate that cultural authenticity significantly predicts emotional resonance (p = 0.001) and international appreciation (p = 0.009). Digital audience engagement also shows significant positive effects on emotional resonance (p = 0.000) and international appreciation (p = 0.004). Emotional resonance further predicts appreciation (p = 0.006). Mediation analysis shows that emotional resonance mediates the effects of authenticity (p = 0.038) and digital engagement (p = 0.016) on appreciation. Intercultural sensitivity significantly moderates the relationships between authenticity and emotional resonance (p = 0.009), digital engagement and emotional resonance (p = 0.019), and emotional resonance and appreciation (p = 0.000). These findings show that emotional resonance acts as a central mechanism linking cultural authenticity and digital engagement to international appreciation, while intercultural sensitivity strengthens these relational pathways. JEL Classification Codes: C12, C20, C31.
Yiyang Tune, Cultural Authenticity, Audience Engagement, Emotional Resonance
Copyright (c) 2025 Chen Yang , Mohamad Fitri Bin Mohamad Haris (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN
Community-based tourism (CBT) plays a crucial role in sustainable tourism development in Kazakhstan, contributing to economic growth, cultural preservation, and environmental sustainability. In a study, the barriers to CBT implementation, which play a key role in advancing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), notably SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), were analyzed. This study aims to fill gaps by examining how managers of Kazakhstan-based travel companies understand CBT's economic, environmental, and cultural aspects. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with travel company managers, participant observations, and quantitative surveys. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The data samples included All Managers, Experienced Managers, and Novice Managers. The regression analysis was performed using two models: baseline, which included Awareness only, and expanded, which included Engagement and Infrastructure Challenge as control variables. For statistical significance, the standard errors (0.5-0.8) and mean values (3.5-4.5) were calculated, with a significant coefficient at p < 0.05. The findings of this study highlighted the importance of training programs and mentorship opportunities in helping less experienced professionals acquire new skills and bridge the knowledge gap. The findings of this study indicated that CBT aligns with SDG 8, SDG 11, and SDG 12, while also highlighting challenges, including infrastructure deficits and community engagement issues that hinder its implementation. JEL Classification Codes: Z32, Q56, O13, R11, O18.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zhassulan Sadykov , Nina Petrichsheva , Assylkhan Yessilov , Zubaira Temiraliyeva , Inna Rey (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LEGAL MECHANISMS FOR THE PROTECTION OF PROPERTY EXPECTATIONS IN THE LIGHT OF MODERN LEGAL REFORMS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
The study of legal mechanisms for protecting property expectations is an urgent task for modern legal science, as in the context of reforms and legal uncertainty, guaranteeing expected property rights becomes particularly important. Existing theoretical approaches and law enforcement practice reveal contradictions in the interpretation of the concept of "property expectations" and its relationship to the "legitimate expectations" category used by the European Court of Human Rights. In this regard, there is a need for a comprehensive analysis of legal instruments that ensure an appropriate level of protection of expected property rights. The purpose of the study is to clarify the possibilities of modern legal development in providing adequate protection for property expectations. The work uses the PRISMA methodology to form a sample of scientific sources. The study included 45 sources of various types (monographs, empirical and review articles, conference proceedings), selected according to precise criteria. The chronological framework was 2016–2025. The results showed that regulatory approaches to protecting property expectations are based on the implementation of a set of principles and individual mechanisms. The quantitative ratio of protection instruments was established: 42% of the studied sources emphasize civil law mechanisms, 31% - administrative law, and 27% - judicial mechanisms. The decisions of the ECHR play a significant role, using the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights as an instrument to guarantee property expectations. JEL Classification Codes: K11, K12, K15, K20.
Property Expectations, Property Rights, Legal Protection Mechanisms, Modern Legal Reforms; Rule of Law, Systematic Review
Copyright (c) 2025 Dmytro Lutsenko , Krystyna Rezvorovych , Maksym Melnyk , Mariia Vovk , Yuliia Sushytska (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS FOR IMPROVING ENGLISH READING COMPREHENSION AMONG CHINESE STUDENTS CATION
Reading comprehension remains a central challenge for Chinese students learning English as a Foreign Language, particularly when limited analytical ability, weak self-management, and ineffective learning strategies restrict them. These issues highlight the need to examine the cognitive and behavioral factors that shape reading comprehension. This study investigates the role of critical reading skills in predicting reading comprehension. It explores how teachers' perceived role, student self-management, and student learning strategies contribute to this relationship. Survey data were collected from 395 Chinese EFL students enrolled in colleges in Shanghai and Beijing using validated instruments. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 29 and Smart PLS 4 to assess measurement reliability, structural relationships, and mediating effects within a PLS-SEM framework. The results show that critical reading skills significantly influence student self-management (β = 0.319, t = 6.624), student learning strategies (β = 0.322, t = 7.101), and reading comprehension (β = 0.218, t = 4.721), but do not significantly affect the perceived role of teachers (β = 0.097, t = 1.723). Reading comprehension is significantly influenced by the perceived role of teachers (β = 0.165, t = 3.588), student self-management (β = 0.183, t = 3.760), and student learning strategies (β = 0.249, t = 5.007). Mediation analysis indicates significant indirect effects of critical reading skills on reading comprehension through student self-management (β = 0.058, t = 3.434) and student learning strategies (β = 0.080, t = 4.323). In contrast, the mediating effect of teachers' perceived role is not significant. JEL Classification Codes: C12, C20, C31.
Critical Reading Skills, Role of Teacher, Reading Comprehension
Copyright (c) 2025 Guangyun Zhang , Rafizah Binti Mohd Rawian (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
FORMATION OF DIGITAL COMPETENCES OF STUDENTS IN THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION
Given the ongoing digitalization in modern education worldwide, it is important to determine the features of the development of digital competence among future teachers. The research problem lies in the insufficient understanding of how innovative digital interventions affect the development of these competences in teacher education. The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of innovative (digital) intervention on the development of digital competence of future teachers. A mixed-method design was used, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. A total of 186 students of pedagogical specializations participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: experimental (n = 93), who underwent an intervention program, and control (n = 93), who studied according to the traditional program. The primary data were collected using a digital competence questionnaire (28 items), performance tasks ("Micro-lesson" and "Mini-module in LMS"), LMS analytics, and semi-structured interviews. Moreover, descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, ANCOVA controlling for pre-test indicators, and effect size calculations were used for data analysis. The results confirmed that the experimental group recorded a significant increase in digital competences in all domains (Δ = +2.1–+3.6; p < 0.001; d = 0.63–0.88). In addition, the intervention was more effective among students with a lower initial level of competencies (F(1,182) = 8.47; p < 0.01), as well as among students in pedagogical and humanitarian specialties. The findings suggest that targeted digital interventions can substantially improve the development of digital competence in future teachers. JEL Classification Codes: I21, I23, I25, O33, M15.
Digital Competences, Higher Pedagogical Education, Digital Literacy, Professional Training, Innovative Teaching
Copyright (c) 2025 Zabiyeva Kamshat Kazbekovna , Zhiyembayev Zhomart Tumarbek, Seitova Sabyrkul , Kalzhanova Gulmira Kenesovna , Yesseikyzy Aiym (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
OMANI STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE TUTORING ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
Private tutoring is becoming increasingly common worldwide as a way to supplement formal education, especially in developing countries. This growing trend has attracted significant attention from researchers who are using various methods to understand the reasons behind the demand for private tutoring and its Impact on students, focusing on key variables such as gender, grade level, and the relationship between tutoring participation and test scores. However, few research studies examine how Omani students perceive the Impact of private tutoring on their academic performance. Therefore, this study aims to investigate Omani students' perceptions of private tutoring and its Impact on their academic performance. The study employed a quantitative research method and collected data from 1,111 Omani students studying in grades 9 to 12 (high and higher secondary schools) by distributing a self-prepared questionnaire. The data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and regression analysis to determine the factors influencing the test scores. The multiple regression analyses indicate a positive correlation between private tutoring and Omani students' academic achievement (F = 5.210, p = 0.006). However, receiving private tutoring (p = 0.543) is not statistically significant, whereas the number of days attended is statistically significant (p = 0.001). Overall, the study's findings reveal that mere participation in private tutoring does not have a positive effect on test scores, but regularly attending private tutoring is positively associated with test scores. The study recommends consistent engagement with private tutoring to improve students' academic performance. The study also provides significant implications for teachers, parents, and policymakers. JEL Classification Codes: I21, D12, O15.
Private Tutoring, Academic Performance, Omani Students, Quantitative Study, Regression Analysis
Copyright (c) 2025 Hamood Ahmed Al Hunaini , Rashid Mohammed Al Hajri , Kodhandaraman Chinnathambi (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE ROLE OF WORK MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE IN EMPLOYEE STRESS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Job stress has become an increasingly important concern in the rapidly expanding food and beverage industry in Vietnam, where demanding service conditions and intensive workloads place employees at high psychological risk. Limited empirical research has examined how individual motivation and organizational fairness shape stress levels in this sector. The study analyzes the relationships among work motivation, distributive justice, career orientation, and job stress to clarify the factors that may influence employees’ stress experiences. A cross-sectional design was used, and survey data were collected from 123 employees working in food and beverage businesses in southern Vietnam. Standardized scales were applied to measure intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, distributive justice, career orientation, and job stress. Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were performed to evaluate statistical associations. The results reveal that amotivation shows a strong positive relationship with job stress (β = 0.528, p < 0.001). Introjected regulation (β = −0.193, p < 0.05) and distributive justice (β = −0.166, p < 0.05) are negatively related to stress scores. Employees working fewer than seven hours per day report significantly lower levels of identified regulation and integrated regulation compared with those working longer hours. No significant direct effect of career orientation on job stress is observed. The major findings indicate that motivation profiles and fairness perceptions account for a meaningful proportion of variance in job stress, whereas career orientation contributes no measurable direct influence. These results provide quantitative evidence that psychological and organizational conditions jointly shape stress outcomes in food and beverage workplaces.
Job Stress, Work Motivation, Distributive Justice, Career Orientation, Food and Beverage Industry, Vietnam
Copyright (c) 2025 Phuoc-Thien Nguyen, Lam-Tuyen Nguyen-Le, Thien-Ly Duong-Vo, Gia-Phuoc Tran-Thien, Vinh-Long Tran-Chi (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
BEHAVIORAL BIAS, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: DETERMINANTS OF CREDIT ASSESSMENT IN INDONESIA
Credit assessment plays a critical role in maintaining financial stability, particularly in emerging economies like Indonesia, where regional disparities in infrastructure and economic development make consistent credit evaluation difficult. Variability in institutional practices, the integration of information technology (IT), and behavioral biases among analysts contribute to inefficiencies and inaccuracies in credit decision-making. This study investigates the extent to which behavioral biases, economic conditions, and IT adoption influence credit assessment outcomes across Indonesian financial institutions. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between April and October 2024, involving 454 credit analysts from commercial banks, rural banks, cooperatives, and non-bank financial institutions located in all central provinces of Indonesia. The study employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test both direct and moderating effects among the variables. The results show that economic conditions have a significant direct impact on credit assessment outcomes with an effect size of 0.486. Information technology also demonstrates a positive, though more negligible, direct effect, with an effect size of 0.137. Behavioral biases do not significantly influence credit assessment directly (p = 0.759), but their effect becomes significant when moderated by economic conditions (interaction effect = -0.217, p < 0.001). Information technology does not significantly moderate this relationship (p = 0.885). The findings indicate that the three predictors can explain 59.7% of the variance in credit assessment. These results emphasize the dominant role of economic context and technology over cognitive biases in determining credit evaluation outcomes across Indonesia's financial institutions. JEL Classification Codes: G21, D81, G32.
Credit, Bias, Technology, Economy, PLS-SEM
Copyright (c) 2025 Saur Costanius Simamora , Nugraha ., Toni Heryana , Imas Purnamasari (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CRIMINAL OFFENCE DURING MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE: PECULIARITIES OF QUALIFICATION
The introduction of martial law in Ukraine has fundamentally altered the conditions of criminal proceedings, exposing the urgent need to adapt national legislation to wartime realities. The rapid escalation of armed conflict has created legal challenges related to the qualification of criminal offenses, particularly those classified as war crimes, and raised concerns regarding compliance with international standards. The purpose of this study is to examine how martial law affects the qualification of criminal offenses and to identify the main problems in applying the relevant provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. The analysis is based on national legal acts, amendments adopted after February 2022, and judicial practice concerning crimes against national security and war crimes. The study employs the PRISMA methodology for systematic literature selection and integrates analytical, synthetic, comparative, and thematic approaches to ensure comprehensive coverage of the subject. The results reveal a marked increase in crimes against national security, peace, and human rights during the period of martial law, with the official statistics indicating a growth of over 40% in registered offenses of this category compared to the pre-war period. Judicial practice consistently demonstrates persistent difficulties in applying provisions related to war crimes, including inconsistent interpretations of legal norms and delays in adjudication. The findings also highlight gaps in adapting criminal legislation to wartime conditions. In conclusion, the study offers a systematic examination of the characteristics of criminal qualification under martial law, confirming both quantitative increases in wartime offenses and significant legal inconsistencies that warrant further scholarly attention. JEL Classification Codes: K14, K33, K38.
Criminal Law, Martial Law, Case, Sabotage, Treason
Copyright (c) 2025 Olena Sasko , Hanna Shvedova , Kostiantyn Orobets , Ruslan Ovcharenko , Oleksandr Ostapenko (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LEGAL REGULATION OF CYBERATTACKS AND CYBERCRIME: ANALYSIS OF JUDICIAL PRACTICE AND COUNTERACTION STRATEGIES
Rapid digitalization processes in public life have led to a sharp increase in the scale of cybercrime, posing a threat to economic stability, data privacy, and national security. The problem is becoming particularly relevant in Ukraine in the context of hybrid threats associated with Russian aggression and the intensification of cyberattacks. The purpose of this study was to analyze the legal regulation of cyberattacks and cybercrimes based on Ukraine's judicial practice, identifying characteristic features and trends in the development of law enforcement. To achieve the goal, a systematic review of scientific sources, national and international regulatory acts, and an analysis of selected court decisions were used. The selection of materials was carried out using the PRISMA methodology. The methods of content analysis, comparison, and synthesis were used to process the sources. Scientific publications and court cases related to cybercrimes from 2019 to 2023, as well as international conventions, were considered. The results show that after the Russian invasion, the number of registered cybercrime cases increased. Phishing has become especially popular, accounting for over half of all cases. Most of the crimes were of a cross-border nature. As judicial practice has shown, cybercrime in Ukraine has characteristic features: it is international, and almost all cases involve financial fraud. The main findings indicate that the judicial practice of Ukraine demonstrates the predominance of fraudulent cybercrimes, a significant share of which is phishing, as well as systemic difficulties with the procedural provision of electronic evidence. JEL Classification Codes: K24, L86.
Court Practice, Cybercrime, Digital Money, Digital Security, Fraud, Innovative Technologies
Copyright (c) 2025 Volodymyr Warawa , Vladyslav Honcharuk , Oleksandra Kozlovska , Dina Dryzhakova , Valentyn Vyshnevskyi (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RETHINKING EUROPEAN CYBERSECURITY INTEGRATION THROUGH LIBERAL INTERGOVERNMENTAL POLITICS IN GENERAL DATA PROTECTION REGULATION ENFORCEMENT STUDY
The phenomenon of cyberattacks and data breaches in the EU has led to the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2018. However, this regulation could turn the supranational institution into a sovereign-based decision-making body and shift people's behavior toward enforcing data protection rules. This study investigates how the European Union implemented its strategy to enforce cybersecurity mechanisms between its member states through data protection regulations. This study employs a qualitative case study approach and collects data from 285 enforcement reports, five binding reports from the EDPB, and two unstructured interviews. We used reflexive thematic analysis to obtain the meaning of each report and each interview. The results reveal that supervisory authorities exercise power and create national and regional preferences that follow individuals and companies in the enforcement of data protection mechanisms in the EU. The study finds that Germany and France share the power to require multinational companies and public entities to comply with data protection rules across the EU. According to the thematic analysis, three themes emerge from the data collected in France and Germany: harmonization of Data Protection and cybersecurity, blending of enforcement, balancing Sovereignty and integration, and protecting national values through EU mechanisms. It shows that the EU’s cybersecurity strategy aligns with the principles of Liberal Intergovernmentalism, in which each member state negotiates its preferences through the EDPB and between member states, rather than with the principles of functionalism, in which institutions cooperate voluntarily through spillover mechanisms. JEL Classification Codes: F52, F51, K24.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Nyoman Aji Suadhana Rai , Dudy Heryadi , Yanyan Mochamad Yani , Asep Kamaluddin Nashir (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TOOLS ON NURSING STUDENTS’ CLINICAL PERFORMANCE: A MEDIATING ROLE OF COGNITIVE LOAD
The clinical performance of nursing students is a big problem in the era of modern technological advancement. With advancements in artificial intelligence and technology, clinical performance strategies with modern technology are required for nursing students. However, in the contemporary clinical environment of competition, a high level of performance is needed from nursing students. This research was conducted to investigate the impact of digital literacy level, instructor support for digital learning, and lack of technology anxiety on cognitive load and clinical performance. Furthermore, the study also investigated the direct impact of a lack of cognitive load on clinical performance. The mediating role of cognitive load in the relationship between digital literacy level, instructor support for digital learning, technology anxiety, and clinical performance was also investigated. A sample of 305 nursing students was collected from China using purposive sampling. This study used a Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) to investigate the complex relationships presented in the framework. The study found that digital literacy level, instructor support for digital learning, and lack of technology anxiety have a significant impact on cognitive load and clinical performance. At the same time, the mediating role of lack of cognitive load between digital literacy level, instructor support for digital learning, lack of technology anxiety, and clinical performance was also accepted. The findings of this research provide new insights into clinical performance and nursing literature and recommend actionable practices for advancing the students' clinical performance in China. JEL Classification Codes: C12, C20, C31.
Clinical Performance, Nursing Students, Cognitive Load, Technology Anxiety, Instructor Support
Copyright (c) 2025 Yuan Jiang, Cuiping Chen, Xiaomin Huang, Jian Zhang, Liyu Ding (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECT OF BILINGUALISM ON COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY: A PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
Bilingualism is a factor that activates the development of executive functions and contributes to cognitive flexibility. However, scientific research has little to do with the psychocognitive aspects of cognitive flexibility. It overlooks the emotional component of this phenomenon, as most cognitive science and psychology research have historically prioritized quantifiable and behaviorally observable elements of cognition. Thus, this research focuses on examining the influence of bilingualism on cognitive flexibility and components of social cognition in students through an experimental study. As for the research design, a Quasi-Experimental Study with intergroup comparison was chosen. This study employed a between-groups quasi-experimental design to compare the cognitive flexibility of bilingual and monolingual students, while addressing the ethical limitations of manipulating natural variables, such as language background. The results: The sample consisted of 40 participants (20 bilinguals and 20 monolinguals), matched for age (p = 0.87) and gender. Education years differed (16.48 vs 14.95, p < 0.001). Bilinguals outperformed monolinguals in D2 attention (1049.76 vs. 865.21, p = 0.001), RL/RI-16 memory (14.68 vs. 13.30, p = 0.027), and emotional fluency (19.00 vs. 14.87, p = 0.011). Cognitive flexibility was higher in bilinguals (84.5 vs 78.2, p = 0.03). Age–flexibility correlation was nonsignificant (r = 0.051, p = 0.351). Thus, it can be assumed that bilingualism contributes to the development of cognitive flexibility and emotional awareness, as this phenomenon holds promise for speech therapy and psycholinguistic practice. JEL Classification Codes: K00, K11, K12, K33.
Terms-Cognitive Plasticity, Adaptive Strategies, Cognitive Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Language Interference
Copyright (c) 2025 Olga Sakharova , Tetiana Nedashkivska , Svitlana Kozak , Tetiana Nikolaieva , Svitlana Romanchuk (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EVALUATING THE LEGAL REGULATION OF PROPERTY EXPECTATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
The protection of property expectations plays a crucial role in contemporary legal systems, particularly in the context of fulfilling contractual obligations. It promotes predictability and fairness in legal relations, establishing a framework for balancing private and public interests. In countries with transitional legal systems, such as Ukraine, property rights and contractual mechanisms face additional challenges as the global economy evolves. Given the difficulties outlined above, there is a pressing need for research into how legal systems adjust to the ever-changing political, social, and economic climates. Property expectations are essential for public policy, economic stability, and legal accountability. This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) of existing studies on legally controlled expectations of property, with a particular focus on works published between 2019 and 2024. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework utilized in this study ensures openness and completeness of the process for selecting, excluding, and reviewing relevant material. Research was limited by the review scope, which included only peer-reviewed articles, reviews, and conference papers, ensuring the quality and credibility of the SLR. The findings of this study highlight research gaps, particularly in relation to socio-environmental factors and legislative changes in transition economies. In contrast, the current study emphasizes the need for an interdisciplinary approach to address existing gaps. By analyzing contemporary literature, it aims to enhance understanding among researchers and legislators regarding the interplay between property rights and legal obligations. JEL Classification Codes: K00, K11, K12, K33.
Public policy, Property expectation, Contract, Legal rights, Legislation, Ukraine
Copyright (c) 2025 Dmytro Lutsenko , Valentyna Sverdlichenko , Oleksandr Martyniuk , Maksym Hura, Yaroslava Meniv (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES ON DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION: THE ADDED IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL PASSION AND CREATIVITY
Digital entrepreneurship is gaining global relevance as digital technologies transform the way ventures are conceived and launched. However, the individual-level traits influencing digital entrepreneurial intention (DEI) remain under-examined. This study extends prior frameworks by integrating two novel predictors, entrepreneurial passion and creativity, alongside five established traits: empathy, prior Experience, locus of control, self-efficacy, and risk-taking Tendency. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 589 Bangladeshi university students, a population well-positioned as future digital entrepreneurs. Multiple regression analysis revealed that all seven personal attributes significantly and positively influence DEI (p < 0.05). The extended model accounted for 59.4% of the variance in DEI (Adjusted R² = 0.594, F(7, 581) = 122.4, p < 0.001). Quantitatively, risk-taking Tendency (β = 0.301, p < 0.001) and entrepreneurial passion (β = 0.244, p < 0.001) emerged as the strongest predictors. Creativity (β = 0.127, p = 0.002), locus of control (β = 0.119, p = 0.001), and self-efficacy (β = 0.102, p = 0.004) followed in magnitude. Empathy (β = 0.079, p = 0.024) and prior Experience (β = 0.058, p = 0.047) also showed statistically significant but comparatively smaller effects. These results highlight that both affective (passion, empathy) and cognitive (creativity, self-efficacy, locus of control) traits play a pivotal role in fostering digital entrepreneurship. The findings underscore the importance of cultivating emotional motivation and innovative capacity in digital entrepreneurship education. Overall, this study presents a robust empirical model that explains DEI, offering practical implications for entrepreneurship educators and policymakers in developing contexts. JEL Classification Codes: L26, M13, O33.
Digital Entrepreneurial Intention, Personal Attributes, Digital Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Passion, Creativity, Innovation
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurjahan Akter Monira , Ireen Sultana , Werner J. Krings , Fariha Tazin , Sayma Sharmen (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND THE INDUSTRY 4.0 MOVEMENT: RESEARCH MAPPING FOR PRACTICAL INSIGHTS
This paper investigates the adoption of Industry 4.0 in developing countries, emphasizing the unique challenges these economies face compared to advanced nations. Despite the global spread of digital technologies such as automation, big data analytics, and the Internet of Things (IoT), adoption in resource-constrained contexts remains limited due to inadequate infrastructure, financial restrictions, skill gaps, and organizational resistance. To address these issues, the study employs a bibliometric methodology, analyzing 398 journal articles indexed in Web of Science through co-word and bibliographic coupling techniques. This approach enables the mapping of dominant themes, influential research clusters, and key gaps in the literature. The results highlight five thematic areas: global technological developments, sustainability integration, adoption barriers, implementation practices, and strategies for overcoming obstacles. Findings indicate that while challenges are considerable, Industry 4.0 can enhance productivity, stimulate Innovation, and support sustainability by strengthening supply chains and promoting efficient resource use. The study also reveals that transformative benefits can only be realized when supportive policies, international collaboration, private-sector participation, and workforce development are followed in a coordinated manner. The research contributes to theory by linking Industry 4.0 adoption to sustainability frameworks such as the Circular Economy and the Sustainable Development Goals. It also offers practical guidance for policymakers, SMEs, and managers on designing context-sensitive strategies tailored to developing economies. By providing a structured overview of challenges and opportunities, the study lays a foundation for future empirical research and offers actionable insights for advancing sustainable industrial transformation. JEL Classification Codes: O32, L69.
Industry 4.0, Developing Countries, Developing Economies, Practical Insight, Emerging Economies
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Yahya Hammad, Syed Radzi Rahamaddulla, Shahryar Sorooshian, Puteri Fadzline Muhamad Tamyez, Muhammad Ashraf Fauzi (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ARTISTIC INNOVATION AMONG CHINESE FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONISTS: THE ROLE OF MOTIVATION, CULTURE, AND EMOTION
Despite the global prominence of Chinese figurative expressionism, the psychological and cultural factors underlying artistic innovation in this genre remain underexplored. This study investigates how intrinsic Motivation, creative Climate, cultural Identity, and openness to Experience influence artistic innovation among Chinese figurative expressionist painters, with emotional Engagement and artistic Flow as mediators. Using a cross-sectional survey, data from 312 Chinese artists were analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. Results show that intrinsic Motivation significantly predicts emotional Engagement (p < 0.001), artistic Flow (p = 0.007), and innovation (p = 0.002). Creative Climate significantly influences emotional Engagement (p = 0.005) and artistic Flow (p < 0.001) but shows a marginal direct effect on innovation (p = 0.054). Cultural Identity significantly predicts emotional Engagement (p = 0.037) and innovation (p = 0.003) but not Flow (p = 0.324). Openness to Experience significantly predicts emotional Engagement (p = 0.028), Flow (p < 0.001), and innovation (p = 0.017). Emotional Engagement (p = 0.002) and artistic Flow (p = 0.001) directly enhance innovation. Mediation analyses reveal that emotional Engagement mediates the effects of intrinsic Motivation (p = 0.014), creative Climate (p = 0.046), and cultural Identity (p = 0.047) on innovation. Artistic Flow mediates the effects of creative Climate (p = 0.010) and openness to Experience (p = 0.013) on innovation. These findings highlight the roles of psychological traits, socio-cultural context, and affective states in fostering innovation among Chinese painters and provide a framework for enhancing creativity through intrinsic and contextual factors. JEL Classification Codes: C12, C20, C31.
Artistic Innovation, Figurative Expressionism, Cultural Art, Creative Climate, Emotional Engagement
Copyright (c) 2025 ShiFeng He , Adzrool Idzwan Bin Ismail (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LINKING RESTAURANT QUALITY TO PERCEIVED COMPETITIVENESS: EVIDENCE FROM TRADITIONAL AND FAST FOOD RESTAURANTS IN INDONESIA
The Indonesian restaurant industry faces increased competition between traditional and fast food outlets, making it essential to understand quality attributes influencing customer satisfaction and competitiveness. While studies focused on service quality, price, and digital presence, few compared these factors across restaurant types. This study examines the effects of food quality, employee service, physical environment, price, and digital presence on satisfaction and perceived competitiveness, with satisfaction as a mediator. Survey data from 239 respondents in Padang City, including 127 traditional and 112 fast food customers, were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with Multigroup Analysis (MGA). Results show food quality and price significantly enhance satisfaction in both traditional (β = 0.379, p = 0.001; β = 0.227, p = 0.015) and fast food restaurants (β = 0.347, p = 0.001; β = 0.476, p < 0.001). Employee service quality (β = 0.304, p = 0.002) and physical environment (β = 0.220, p = 0.009) enhance competitiveness in traditional restaurants, whereas satisfaction (β = 0.575, p < 0.001) and digital presence (β = 0.628, p < 0.001) prevail in fast food outlets. Satisfaction mediates the relationship between food quality, price, and physical environment with competitiveness, especially in fast food. MGA confirms that competitiveness in traditional restaurants is driven by employee service, whereas in fast food, it is shaped by digital presence and satisfaction. This study offers insights by comparing restaurant formats in a developing market; however, its cross-sectional, single-city design limits generalizability, suggesting future studies expand regions and adopt longitudinal approaches. JEL Classification Codes: O32, M31, L83.
Copyright (c) 2025 Regia Indah Kemala Sari, Nuhfil Hanani, Rosihan Asmara, Agustina Shinta Hartati Wahyuningtyas (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AN AI AND NLP FRAMEWORK FOR EXTRACTING LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES AND MAPPING PERSONALIZED TRAINING PATHS: A STRATEGIC APPROACH FOR HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
The growing demands of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by organizations could enforce a strategic change in the activities of Human Resources (HR). Conventional practices in leadership development do not always align with data-driven guidelines that incorporate job requirements and training directions. This work examines the application of AI, combined with Natural Language Processing (NLP), to unstructured job descriptions to identify essential capabilities and associate them with the best training options for becoming a leader. A framework is proposed in this work that automatically analyses unwritten job descriptions of top-level positions and defines key competencies with AI-based text processing methods. The structure then correlates the competencies with tailor-made training programs by referring to a recommendation system. A graph-based structure is modified to represent and interrelate the competency clusters. At the same time, a multi-criteria decision-making model is applied to evaluate training options based on four criteria: cost, duration, relevance, and impact. Using datasets from related divisions, the system achieved high accuracy in competency extraction, confirming all three proposed assumptions. Results demonstrate a 28% improvement in matching relevance, indicating that it is 28% efficient on matching relevance, 19% efficient on cost efficiency, and 24% better on its planning when compared to the manual methods. Using a weighted scoring mechanism to evaluate training alternatives (e.g., Leadership Workshop scored 4.4/5, Online Financial Course 4.1/5, and Community Outreach 3.5/5), training options were quantitatively scored and ranked according to their relevance, cost, duration, and impact. In addition, the optimized overall strategy of training was the best overall training path strategy that emphasized Strategic Planning & Research, Compliance and Stakeholder Management, and Financial and Operational Management, which provided a measurable benefit over the long-term capability to establish a sense of impact, reduction of risks, and stability. The scalable solution that the proposed AI-powered framework helps to implement is an evidence-based solution that can help develop leadership more efficiently, align talents with organizational requirements, and help recruiters and recruitment leaders to adjust their talent policies to the digital era. JEL Classification Codes: J24, C61, D80, C69.
Human Capital, Training Optimization, Decision Modeling, Job Profiling, Natural Language Understanding, Leadership Roles, Strategic Planning, Workforce Analytics, Competency Mapping
Copyright (c) 2025 Boumedyen Shannaq , V. P. Sriram (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
NAVIGATING THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE: THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE ON BANGLADESH'S FARMING PRACTICES
Agriculture in Bangladesh has a significant impact on the economy, contributing 11.37 percent to the national GDP and employing almost 45 percent of the total labor force. Both climatic and non-climatic factors significantly influence the Agricultural productivity in Bangladesh, as the country is highly climate sensitive due to its geographical location. Climate factors (rainfall, Temperature, CO₂ emissions) and non-climate inputs (fertilizer) critically influence agricultural productivity, yet their combined short- and long-term macroeconomic impacts remain underexplored. This study examines the effects of climatic and non-climatic factors on agricultural productivity and their subsequent macroeconomic implications in Bangladesh. Using time series data (1990–2021), we employ the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to assess long-term elasticities and the Granger causality test to determine directional relationships between variables The ARDL results reveal significant long-term elasticities: a 1% increase in fertilizer use raises agricultural output by 0.49%, while a 1% rise in Temperature reduces output by 0.04%. CO₂ emissions and rainfall show positive impacts (0.71% and 0.96%, respectively). The error correction term (-0.49) indicates the system corrects 49% of short-run disequilibrium annually. Granger causality confirms bidirectional relationships between fertilizer use and agricultural productivity (F-stat = 3.72), while Temperature unidirectionally affects output (F-stat = 4.22). The findings validate that non-climate factors (fertilizer) and climate variables (CO₂, rainfall) positively influence agricultural output, whereas Temperature exerts adverse effects. These results align with prior regional studies but highlight Bangladesh's unique susceptibility to temperature fluctuations. JEL Classification Codes: C22, O53, Q54, Q10, Q53, F62.
ARDL, Bangladesh, Climate Change, Agriculture, Carbon Emission, Macroeconomic Impacts
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohamamad Asrarul Hasanat Islam, Sojib Bhawmick, Md. Parvez Hasan, Radiant Roy, Didarul Islam (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE STRUCTURE AND STRATEGY OF LOCAL STRONGMEN IN THE DEFEAT OF INDEPENDENT CANDIDATES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
The phenomenon of local strongmen is an integral part of understanding the dynamics of power and politics in peripheral regions such as Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara. Although the direct regional head election system has opened up broader opportunities for political participation, the dominance of local power often constrains the emergence of democratic alternatives. Independent candidates face various administrative and financial obstacles, as well as political pressure from deeply rooted local power networks. This study aims to examine the power strategies employed by Zulkieflimansyah, a prominent local figure in Sumbawa, in strategically utilizing formal and informal power to defeat independent candidates. This study used a qualitative case study approach with data collected through in-depth interviews with eleven purposively selected informants, including political actors, community leaders, and campaign team members. The findings show that the influence of local strongmen extends across various sectors, including politics, education, local government, and customary systems. This influence is exercised through control over strategic resources, dominance of formal authority, and the systematic expansion of social and economic networks that enable long-term consolidation of power and suppression of political alternatives. The study finds that strategic political positions and strong social ties are key factors in delegitimizing and defeating independent candidates. These strategies strengthen local strongmen’s dominance within vertical and horizontal power structures, limiting fair political competition. Regulatory reform, resource transparency, and civic political education are needed to counter this dominance. JEL Classification Codes: D72.
Local Strongman, Independent Candidate, Political Power, Local Democracy, Power Strategies
Copyright (c) 2025 Lubis, Budi Setiyono, Kushandajani, Nur Hidayat Sardini (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CORROSION PROTECTION ABILITY OF POLYPYRROLE COATED MILD STEEL IN BURIED SAND
Corrosion prevention is a global issue. One way to reduce metal corrosion is by applying polymer coatings. Corrosion prevention increasingly involves the use of polypyrrole (PPy) coatings, which significantly reduce corrosion rates and provide anodic protection. The purpose of this study was to deposit PPy on mild steel (MS) from 0.4 M pyrrole in 0.1 M sodium potassium (Na-K tartrate) by cyclic voltammetry (CV). This study employed electrodeposition of PPy on MS by CV and explored its corrosion protection performance in the buried sand medium containing 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M H2SO4 by the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) method. The results revealed that with an increase in the number of cycles, the CV showed that the PPy layer formed gradually and covered the MS surface. The oxidation peak vanished after the first cycle, and the current increased with the increasing cycles. The synthesized PPy coating was analyzed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), which revealed a compact coating layer with cauliflower-like morphology. It was also examined using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), which confirmed the presence of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen elements. The open-circuit potential (OCP) remained constant over time, resulting in a stable film. The corrosion potential also showed a slight change compared to both media. The significant findings of this study were that the PPy coating behaved as a mixed inhibitor in both media, and the corrosion inhibition efficacy of the PPy coating was approximately 99% in H2SO4 and 98% in NaCl, with good adhesion. JEL Classification Codes: L6, L69.
Electrodeposition, Pore Free, Inhibitor, Adherent, High Efficiency
Copyright (c) 2025 Sanjay Singh, Shova Neupane, Nabin Karki, Dipak Kumar Gupta, Amar Rasad Yadav (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
FUTURE SCENARIOS AND FORECASTS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING IN UKRAINE POST-WAR
Scenario analysis is widely applied in strategic economic planning to explore alternative futures under varying assumptions and uncertainties. Originating from decision theory, systems thinking, and complexity science, it supports informed judgment in uncertain environments. Despite its broad application, previous research on accounting and auditing reforms has predominantly concentrated on stable economies, with minimal emphasis on countries recovering from conflict. This study examines the future trajectories of accounting and auditing practices in post-war Ukraine using a scenario analysis framework. Data were collected through the Delphi method, incorporating expert interviews and survey questionnaires. Analytical techniques included the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), supplemented by bootstrapping for result validation. The analysis reveals that Scenario 1, referred to as "Digital Reinvention," has a statistically significant impact on the projected development of accounting and auditing in Ukraine's post-war context. In contrast, Scenarios 2 and 3, labeled "Gradual Compliance" and "Regulatory Stagnation," do not exhibit significant associations with the evolution of the field. The findings indicate that the three exogenous variables together explain approximately 41.2% of the total variance in the endogenous variable, demonstrating a moderate predictive capacity of the model. This suggests that Ukraine’s post-conflict financial landscape is likely to be influenced predominantly by digital transformation, institutional modernization, full adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), and the implementation of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies to enhance financial transparency and audit reliability in the emerging economic environment. JEL Classification Codes: F20, M10, D24.
Accounting Transformation, Post-Conflict Recovery, Financial Transparency, Auditing Methodologies, Economic Resilience, Forecast, Auditing, Ukraine
Copyright (c) 2025 Nataliia Ponomarova , Alla Mykhalkiv , Tetiana Kostash , Vasyl Andrusiak , Olena Dovzhyk (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PERSON-ORGANIZATION FIT AND JOB BURNOUT AS PREDICTORS OF QUIET QUITTING IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
In recent years, the phenomenon of quiet quitting, characterized by employees' psychological disengagement while continuing to meet only the minimum job requirements, has garnered increasing attention in organizational research. Despite its growing relevance, empirical studies examining this behavior within the context of vocational education remain limited, particularly in China. This study examines the relationships between person-organization fit (P-O fit), work overload, job burnout, and quiet quitting among faculty members in Chinese vocational colleges. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, and data were collected from 588 teaching staff members using structured questionnaires. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to analyze the hypothesized relationships among the variables. The results show that P-O fit is significantly and negatively associated with quiet quitting, both directly (β = –0.274, p < 0.001) and indirectly through the reduction of job burnout (β = –0.191, p < 0.001). Although work overload does not have a significant direct effect on quiet quitting (β = 0.105, p = 0.113), it exhibits a significant indirect effect through job burnout (β = 0.202, p < 0.001), which acts as a key mediating variable. Additionally, job burnout demonstrates a strong, positive relationship with quiet quitting behavior (β = 0.462, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that alignment between individuals and organizations, along with effective management of job-related strain, is key to understanding quiet quitting among vocational lecturers. This research contributes to the limited empirical literature on quiet quitting in Chinese vocational education and provides a quantitative assessment of the underlying organizational and psychological mechanisms involved. The study contributes theoretically by extending the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, validating burnout as a mediating mechanism between organizational stressors and withdrawal behaviors in the underexplored context of Chinese vocational education. Practically, it offers actionable insights for reducing quiet quitting through improved P-O fit, balanced workload management, and early intervention for burnout. JEL Classification Codes: M5, M540, C3, I2.
Quiet Quitting, Vocational Education, Job Burnout, Work Overload, China
Copyright (c) 2025 Jing Zhou , Hooi Sin Soo , Azelin Binti Aziz (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CRYPTOCURRENCY ADOPTION ENHANCES FINANCIAL INCLUSION MEDIATED BY USER SATISFACTION AND PERCEIVED ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT IN INDONESIA
Financial inclusion remains a significant challenge in developing countries, where over 1.7 billion people lack access to bank accounts due to high costs, limited infrastructure, and a lack of formal identification. As a result, many rely on insecure informal systems, which results in user dissatisfaction in the long run. Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, powered by blockchain technology, offer a promising alternative by enabling fast, low-cost, and highly secure transactions without the need for traditional banking institutions. This study empirically investigates how cryptocurrency adoption can enhance financial inclusion in Indonesia, both directly and indirectly through mediating factors such as user satisfaction, trust in financial institutions, and perceived economic empowerment. The study explores whether cryptocurrency use fosters financial autonomy, strengthens trust in digital financial services, and increases satisfaction with financial technologies—factors that may encourage broader participation in the formal financial system. Data were collected through a Google Form survey involving 147 respondents, Indonesian cryptocurrency investors. Using Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis, results reveal that while cryptocurrency adoption significantly improves user satisfaction, trust in the financial system, and economic empowerment, with scores of 0.888, 0.732, and 0.851, respectively. Cryptocurrency adoption also has a direct effect on financial inclusion, with a score of 0.635. However, perceived economic empowerment emerged as a strong mediating variable, with a score of 0.556 to financial inclusion, compared to user satisfaction with a mediating score of 0.282 to financial inclusion. These findings highlight that high economic empowerment is a key value driver for crypto investors. The results show platforms emphasizing accessibility, security, and transparency may be better positioned to support financial inclusion in emerging economies like Indonesia, without having to engage in a formal financial system. JEL Classification Codes: D53, E22, E42, G41.
Cryptocurrency, Investor, Path Model, Partial Least Squares, Trust in Financial Institutions
Copyright (c) 2025 Ossi Ferli, Dylan Gonardo, Gabriel Radja Dava , Muhammad Yasin (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF AI ON THE WORKFORCE AND THE FUTURE OF WORK IN THE REGION: A MACHINE LEARNING PERSPECTIVE
This study examines the evolving impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on workforce dynamics within a regional context. The analysis of structured data, which includes job positions alongside industry categories, collected from Kaggle.com, AI implementation metrics, automation uncertainty assessments, skill requirements, compensation amounts, and work projection estimates, enables the application of machine learning approaches that generate insights for decision support. The purpose of this study is twofold: to analyze the impact of AI on work structures and identify automated jobs, as well as vulnerable sectors, to inform recommendations that help plan education systems and workforce development. Three clustering approaches, including K-Means and DBSCAN, along with Agglomerative Clustering, were implemented to categorize different jobs based on their AI acceptance levels, automation probability, and pay ranges. The performance analysis, as indicated by silhouette scores, revealed that Agglomerative Clustering generated meaningful clusters at a score of 0.289, while both K-Means and DBSCAN recorded scores of 0.262 and 0.093, respectively. The developed clusters enable researchers to identify vulnerable positions while proposing new career options and uncovering stable competencies, which include digital aptitude as well as emotional capability and troubleshooting abilities. The study directly provides answers to major research questions about how AI affects particular sectors while revealing portable skills across industries. Through the integration of cluster analytics and workforce analytics, this study provides policymakers, educational institutions, and workforce planners with strategic information, enabling a resilient labor market that is prepared for the future. JEL Classification Codes: O33, J24, J21, C55.
AI, Future Workforce, Clustering methods, Workforce Opportunities and Risks
Copyright (c) 2025 Boumedyen Shannaq , Ahmed Alabri , V. P. Sriram (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: THE IMPACT OF GENDER AND MANAGEMENT
Students' future academic achievement in secondary school depends on developing both a scientific mindset and critical thinking abilities. The study aimed to measure the level of scientific attitude and critical thinking skills among secondary school students and to identify any significant differences in their scientific attitude and critical thinking skills based on gender and management style. A descriptive survey research design was employed to conduct the study. A sample of 200 Class IX students was randomly selected from government and private schools in the Kohima and Dimapur districts of Nagaland. Two research instruments were used for data collection: the scientific attitude questionnaire developed by the investigators and the Critical Thinking Skills Scale developed by Murthy (2014), which was modified to suit the needs and context of Nagaland. The collected data were analyzed using percentages, means, standard deviations, correlations, chi-square tests, and t-tests for independent samples. The study revealed that the level of scientific attitude and critical thinking skills among secondary school students varied. Scientific attitude and critical thinking skills were not significantly influenced by gender. Scientific attitude and critical thinking skills were significantly influenced by management. It was found that there is a positive correlation between scientific attitude and critical thinking skills among secondary school students. The findings of this study suggest that teachers should design an engaging science curriculum that incorporates more hands-on activities, project-based learning, classroom discussions, model exhibitions, science fairs, science museums, and field trips in order to foster a scientific mindset in their pupils. JEL Classification Codes: I21, I24, J16.
Scientific Attitude, Critical Thinking Skills, Gender, Management, School Students
Copyright (c) 2025 Murathoti Rajendra Nath Babu , Atokali, Ankita Lahon , Srinivasan Padmanaban (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EXAMINING HOW BUSINESS SCHOOL FACULTY’S PERCEPTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AFFECTS EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST AS A MEDIATOR
The lack of understanding about how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) influences faculty engagement in business schools presents a challenge for higher education institutions, especially in developing countries like Nepal. While CSR is often studied in corporate settings, there is limited research on its impact within academic environments, where faculty members play a central role. This study examines how faculty perceptions of CSR affect their engagement at work, with organizational trust as a mediating factor. A quantitative survey was conducted using purposive sampling, and responses were collected from 239 faculty members working in business schools across Nepal. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to investigate the relationships between perceived Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), organizational trust, and faculty engagement. The results indicate that faculty members' positive views of corporate social responsibility (CSR) are associated with increased engagement and trust in their institutions. Moreover, organizational trust was found to mediate the relationship between CSR and engagement partially. This confirms that when faculty members perceive their institutions as socially responsible, they are more likely to trust their organization and be engaged in their roles. The findings contribute to existing research by demonstrating that CSR, often regarded as an external-facing strategy, also plays a crucial role internally in fostering trust and engagement among academic staff. The study adds new knowledge to the fields of business ethics, higher education, and organizational behavior by highlighting the importance of CSR perceptions and organizational trust within the academic context of Nepal's business schools. JEL Classification Codes: I23, M14, J28, D23.
Corporate Social Responsibility, Employee Engagement, Organizational Trust, Social Identity Theory, Social Exchange Theory
Copyright (c) 2025 Krishna Khanal , Neha Arora (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DATA-DRIVEN HR: MEASURING THE IMPACT OF ANALYTICS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
With the advent of globalization, there has been a significant transformation in the area of human resource management. This necessitates organizations promoting a competent workforce to gain a competitive advantage in the industrial world. Despite the evolution in human resource management, companies are yet to realize their full potential due to resistance from employees. The study, therefore, underscores the importance of integrating HR analytics into performance management systems, emphasizing its role in driving data-driven decision-making, fostering fairness in appraisals, and supporting strategic workforce management. This study, therefore, explores the impact of HR analytics on employee performance from the perspectives of HR managers and professionals, focusing on five core performance indicators: Work Efficiency (WE), Employee Productivity (EP), Project Completion Rates (PCR), Quality of Work (QW), and Employee Team Collaboration (ETC). Utilizing survey responses from 150 HR professionals across various industries, the research employs correlation and regression analyses to assess the relationship between HR analytics and employee performance outcomes. The study uses structural equation modeling to examine the mediating relationship between human resource analytics, motivation, and employee performance. The findings reveal a strong positive correlation between HR analytics and enhanced employee performance metrics. HR analytics have a positive influence on performance management, talent acquisition, employee engagement, and team collaboration while also contributing to timely project completion and overall productivity improvements. Furthermore, the results suggest that organizations leveraging HR analytics are better positioned to enhance employee performance and optimize HR activities, with the moderating effects of variables such as years of HR experience and company size playing significant roles. JEL Classification Codes: O15, M12, J24.
HR Analytics, Employee Performance, Work Efficiency, Employee Productivity, Project Completion, Team Collaboration, Performance Management
Copyright (c) 2025 Sindhuja A, Dunstan Rajkumar A (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0