FACTORS MILITATING AGAINST PUBLIC HEALTH FINANCING IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL REVIEW
Keywords:
Health Finance, Challenges, Financing, Nigeria.
Abstract
An effective and quality health care service is one of the fundamental visions of every government to its citizenry because it is only the healthy people that can be governed and will value developmental projects. Citizens having access to quality health services translate to significant development in modern society. Therefore, the provision of adequate funds for the sector is essential. However, the Nigeria health care sector is currently confronted with colossal issues that should be surmounted to enhance effective and quality health care delivery to the citizens. This study is rooted in the evidence of appropriate works of literature in the financing of public health care services in Nigeria. From the extant works of the literature surveyed, it was revealed that public health care services in Nigeria are financed by revenue that is accrued from public tax, funding from donors, health insurance, and direct payments made by individuals. Furthermore, public health service is mostly financed by direct payments made by individuals with the government. The most perturbing issues combating public health care financing are direct payments made by individuals, poor government funding, health care policy defects in implementation, and corruption scandals. On this note, the study recommended an effective and robust government funding of public health, implementation of sound health care policies, efficient monitoring of public funds utilization, and discouraging foreign medical trips.
JEL Classification Codes: A19, B10, B25, C10, C53.
References
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Bokhari, F., Gai, Y., & Gottret, P. (2007). Government Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes. Health Economics, 16(3), 257-273.
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Obansa, S.A.J., & Orimisan, A. (2013). Health Care Financing in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 2-6.
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Olakunde, B.O. (2012). Public Health Care Financing in Nigeria: Which Way Forward? Ann Nigeria Med., 6(1), 4-10
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Onwujekwe, O., Onoka, C., & Uzuchukwu, B. (2009). Is Community Based Health Insurance Equitable Strategy for Paying for Health Care? Experiences from Southeast Nigeria. Health Policy, 92, 96-102.
Palmer, N., Mueller, D.H., Gilson, L., Mills, A., and Haines, A. (2004). Health Financing to Promote Access in Low-Income Settings - How Much do we Know? Lancet, 364, 1365-1370.
Saad, W., & Kalakech, K. (2009). The Nature of Government Expenditure and its Impact on Sustainable Economic Growth. Middle Eastern Finance and Economics, 4, 1-3.
Sachs, J. D. (2001). Macroeconomic and Health; Investing in Health for Economic Development. Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Geneva: WHO; Pp. 21.
Soyibo, A. (2005). National Health Accounts of Nigeria, 1998-2002”. Draft Report Submitted to the World Health Organization, Nigeria, Pp. 12-15.
Soyibo, A., Olaniyan, O., & Lawanson, A.O. (2009). National Health Accounts of Nigeria 2003 2005: Incorporating Sub-National Health Accounts of States. Main report submitted to Federal Ministry of Health. Ibadan: University of Ibadan; The Nigerian Academy of Science (2009). Effective primary health care in Nigeria. Lagos. West African Publishers Limited, pp. 23-26.
Umoru, D., & Omolara, Y. (2013). Labour Productivity and Health Capital in Nigeria: The Empirical Evidence. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(4), 199-221.
Yaqub, J. O., Ojapinwa. T. V., & Yusuf, R. O. (2012). Public Health Expenditure and Health Outcome in Nigeria: The Impact of Governance. European Scientific Journal, 8(13), 189-201.
Adinma, E.D., & Adinma, B.J. (2010). Community-Based Healthcare Financing: An Untapped Option to a More Effective Healthcare Funding in Nigeria. Niger Med. 51, 95-100.
Agbatogun, K. K., & Taiwo, A. S. (2010). Determinants of Health Expenditure in Nigeria. Journal of Research in National Development, 8(2), 1-2
Alabi, M. (2010). An Econometric Analysis of the Determinants of Health Expenditures in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Economics and management Studies, 3(1-2), 57-71
Alsan, M., Bloom, D. E., & Canning, D. (2006). The Effect of Population Health on Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Low- and Middle-Income Countries. World Dev., 34, 613-630
Aregbeyen, J.B.O. (2001). Health Sector Reforms in Nigeria”. Nigeria Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan, 1(22-27), 32 -39.
Babatude, M. A. (2012). An Analysis of the Growth - Health Relationship in Nigeria - A Paper Presented at the Center for the Study of Africa Economic Development, Dakar, Senegal. Journal of Economic Thought, 3(1), 65-83.
Bakare, A. S., & Olubukun, J. (2011). Health Care Expenditure and Economic Growth in Nigeria: An Empirical Study. Journal of Emerging Trends Economics and Management Sciences, 2(2), 83-87.
Bokhari, F., Gai, Y., & Gottret, P. (2007). Government Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes. Health Economics, 16(3), 257-273.
Carrin, G., & James, C. (2004). Reaching Universal Coverage via Social Health Insurance: Key Design Features in the Transition Period, Discussion Paper. Geneva: World Health Organization; pp.4-6.
Carrin, G., Evans, D., & Xu, K. (2007). Designing Health Financing Policy towards Universal Coverage. Bull World Health Organ., 85, 652-652.
Central Bank of Nigeria (2008). Annual Reports and Statement of Accounts.CBN (Various issues) CBN (2005) “Annual Reports and Statement of Accounts”, Pp. 121-127.
Central Bank of Nigeria (2005). Annual Reports and Statement of Accounts, CBN Reports, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003.World Bank Country Report for Nigeria. pp. 127-134.
Chike, I. (2006). Nigeria Health Sector Reforms: Rhetoric or Real? Nigeria world Online newspaper. pp. 21- 22.
Drechsler, D., & Jütting, J. (2005). Private Health Insurance in Low and Middle-Income Countries: Scope, Limitations, and Policy Responses.Issy-les Moulineaux: OECD Development Centre; Pp. 6-8.
Drouin, A. (2008). Methods of Financing Health Care: A Rational use of Financing Mechanisms to Achieve Universal Coverage. International Social Security Association, Pp. 3-5.
Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004). Health Sector Reform Programme Strategic Thrusts with a Logical Framework and a Plane of action 2004-2007. Healthcare Policy Framework, Pp. 14-17.
Health Reform Foundation (2006). Nigeria Health Review, Health Reform Foundation of Nigeria. Kenbim press Ltd, Ibadan, Pp. 10-12.
Ichoko, H. E., & Fonta, W. M. (2009). Catastrophic Health Care Financing and Poverty: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria. Journal of Social and Economic Development, 11(2), 2-6.
Idowu, D. O., Benjamin, S. S., & Mercy, O. A. (2018). Healthcare Financing and Health Status Analysis in Nigeria.Amity Journal of Healthcare Management, 3(2), 31–42.
Imoughele, L. E., & Ismaila, M. (2013). Determinants of Public Health Care Expenditure in Nigeria: An Error Correction Mechanism Approach. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(13), 2-7.
Kutzin, J. (2007). Myths, Instruments, and Objectives in Health Financing and Insurance in Extending Social Protection in Health: Developing Countries’ Experiences, Lessons Learnt and Recommendations. Eschborn, Germany: Deutsche Gesell schaft fur Technisch eZusammenar beit, Pp. 87 95.
Lawanson, A.O., & Olaniyan, O. (2013).Health Expenditure and Health Status in Northern and Southern Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis using National Health Account Framework. African Journal of Health Economics, 2, 31 46.
Lowell, B. (2010). Strengthening Sub-Saharan Africa’s Health Systems. Business Day, 42-43.
Nkpoyen, F., Bassey, G. E., and Uyang, F. A. (2014). Health Capital and Poverty Reduction in Rural Cross River State, Nigeria. Journal of Education and Research, 2(5), 357-372.
Obansa, S.A.J., & Orimisan, A. (2013). Health Care Financing in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 2-6.
Ogunbekun, H. (1999). Private Health care in Nigeria, Walking a Tightrope. Health Policy Planning, 174-181.
Olakunde, B.O. (2012). Public Health Care Financing in Nigeria: Which Way Forward? Ann Nigeria Med., 6(1), 4-10
Olaniyan, R. O. (1995). Managing Health Development in Nigeria”. Nigeria Journal of Health Planning and Management, 31-35.
Onwujekwe, O., Onoka, C., & Uzuchukwu, B. (2009). Is Community Based Health Insurance Equitable Strategy for Paying for Health Care? Experiences from Southeast Nigeria. Health Policy, 92, 96-102.
Palmer, N., Mueller, D.H., Gilson, L., Mills, A., and Haines, A. (2004). Health Financing to Promote Access in Low-Income Settings - How Much do we Know? Lancet, 364, 1365-1370.
Saad, W., & Kalakech, K. (2009). The Nature of Government Expenditure and its Impact on Sustainable Economic Growth. Middle Eastern Finance and Economics, 4, 1-3.
Sachs, J. D. (2001). Macroeconomic and Health; Investing in Health for Economic Development. Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Geneva: WHO; Pp. 21.
Soyibo, A. (2005). National Health Accounts of Nigeria, 1998-2002”. Draft Report Submitted to the World Health Organization, Nigeria, Pp. 12-15.
Soyibo, A., Olaniyan, O., & Lawanson, A.O. (2009). National Health Accounts of Nigeria 2003 2005: Incorporating Sub-National Health Accounts of States. Main report submitted to Federal Ministry of Health. Ibadan: University of Ibadan; The Nigerian Academy of Science (2009). Effective primary health care in Nigeria. Lagos. West African Publishers Limited, pp. 23-26.
Umoru, D., & Omolara, Y. (2013). Labour Productivity and Health Capital in Nigeria: The Empirical Evidence. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(4), 199-221.
Yaqub, J. O., Ojapinwa. T. V., & Yusuf, R. O. (2012). Public Health Expenditure and Health Outcome in Nigeria: The Impact of Governance. European Scientific Journal, 8(13), 189-201.
Published
2021-04-12
How to Cite
Tayo-Ladega, O., Abdullahi, T. M., & Islam, K. M. A. (2021). FACTORS MILITATING AGAINST PUBLIC HEALTH FINANCING IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL REVIEW. American International Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 7(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.46281/aijmsr.v7i2.1073
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Copyright (c) 2021 Oluwadamisi Tayo-Ladega, Taye Mohammed Abdullahi, K. M. Anwarul Islam
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
