Money Market Instruments and Nigeria Inflation Rate: A Time Series Study

  • Philip Umasom Department of Banking and Finance, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Keywords: Money Market Instrument, Inflation Rate, Commercial Paper, Treasury Bills, Treasury Certificates.

Abstract

This study empirically examined the effectiveness of money market instruments on Nigerian inflation rate. The objective is to investigate the existing relationship between money market instruments and Nigerian inflation rate, data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin. Multivariate model were formulated having Inflation Rate (INFR) as the function of Percentage of Treasury Bills to Gross Domestic Product (TB/GDP), Percentage of Stabilization Securities to Gross Domestic Product (STS/GDP), Percentage of Treasury Certificate to Gross Domestic Product (TC/GDP), Percentage of Eligible Development Stock to Gross Domestic Product (EDS/GDP), Percentage of Central Bank of Nigeria Short Term Fund to Gross Domestic Product (CBNSF/GDP) and Percentage of Call Money Scheme to Gross Domestic Product (CMS/GDP). The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) properties of co integration, Augmented Dickey Fuller Unit Root, Granger Causality Test and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) were employed to determine the relationship between the money market instruments and Nigerian inflation rate. Findings revealed that money market instruments are statistically significant in explaining variation in Nigerian inflation rate. We therefore recommend that the money market should well be structured, properly managed and its operational efficiency enhanced to achieve the monetary policy objective of price stability.

References

Adeoye, B.W., (2007). Financial Sector Development and Economic Growth: The Nigerian Experience. Paper presented at the Nigerian Economic Society Annual Conference, Ibadan. 6 (9), 43-70.

Agha, A. I., Ahmed, N., Mubarak, Y. A. & Shah, H. (2005). Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy in Pakistan. SBP Research Bulletin, 1(2), 1-10.

Ajakaiye, O., (2002). Banking Sector Reforms and Economic Performance in Nigeria. In Howard Stein, Olu Ajakaiye and Peter Lewis (Ed) (2002) Deregulation and Banking Crisis in Nigeria: A Comparative Study (Palgrave, New York) 5 (8), 20-40.

Alessi, L., & Detken, C., (2009). Real time’ early warning indicators for costly asset price boom/bus cycles. A role for global liquidity. ECB Working Paper, 1039.

Andreas C.W., (2010). Sensitivity of inflation rate to monetary policy in the European economy. European Journal of Economy and Business Management, 24 (18), 217-248

Assenmacher-Wesche, K., & Gerlach, S., (2006). Understanding the link between money growth and inflation in the euro area. CEPR Discussion Paper, 5683.

Beck, T., A., Demirguc-Kunt & M. Martinez-Peria, (2005). Reaching out: Access to and use of banking services across countries. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.

Beck, T., M., Lundberg and G., Majnoni, (2006). Financial intermediary development and growth volatility: Do intermediaries dampen or magnify shocks? Journal of International Money and Finance, 25(7), 1146-1167.

Beck, T., R., Levine and N., Loayza, (2000). Finance and the sources of growth. Journal of financial economics, 58 (1), 261-300.

Bekaert, G., C.R., Harvey and C., Lundblad, (2001). Emerging equity markets and economic development. Journal of development Economics, 66 (2), 465-504.

Bertrand, M. A., Schoar and D., Thesmar, (2007). Banking deregulation and industry structure: Evidence from the French banking reforms of 1985. The Journal of Finance, 62 (2), 597-628.

Beyer, A., (2009). A stable model for euro area money demand revisiting the role of wealth. ECB Working Paper, 1111.

Brissimis, S. & N. Magginas., (2006). Forward Looking Information in VAR Models and the Prize Puzzle. Journal of Monetary Economics, 53, 1225-1234.

Christopoulos, D.K. and E.G. Tsionas, (2004). Financial development and economic growth: Evidence from panel unit root and cointegration tests. Journal of development Economics, 73(1), 55-74.

Dabwor, T. D. (2009). The Nigerian Banking System and the Challenges of Financial Intermediation in the Twenty First Century, Jos. Journal of Economics, 4 (1) 93-108.

Dai, M., (2010). Financial market imperfections and monetary policy strategy. Bureau Economie Theoretique et Applique, Documents de travail, 2010-19.

De Grauwe, P., & Polan, M. (2005). Is inflation always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon?. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 107 (2), 239-259.

Demirguc, K.A. and V., Maksimovic, (2002). Funding growth in bank-based and market-based financial systems: Evidence from firm level date. Journal of Financial Economics 65: 337-363.

Ekpo, H.A., (2008). The Nigerian Economy: Is it at the Crossroads? Presidential address delivered in Nigerian Economic Society, Abuja. 8 (6), 1-10.

Ezirim, B.C. (2005). Finance Dynamics: Principles, Techniques and Applications (3rd ed). Markowitz Centre for Research and Development, Port Harcourt.

Ggor, M.L., (2011). The global monetary shocks and inflation in Developing Economy. International of Economic Management, 41 (26), 186-217.

Guiso, L., P. Sapienza and L., Zingales, (2002). Does local financial development affect economic growth? National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 8922

Habibullah, M.S., and Y.K., Eng, (2006). Does financial development cause economic growth? A panel data dynamic analysis for the Asian developing countries. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 11(4), 377-393.

Honohan, P., (Ed.) (Eds.), (2004). Financial development, growth, and poverty: How close are the links? , London Palgrave.

Igbatayo, S., (2011). The Challenges of the Global Economic Crises and Nigeria’s Financial Markets Stability. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences (JETEMS) 2(6), 497-503

Khan, M. S. & Senhadji, A. S. & Smith, Bruce D., (2006). Inflation and Financial Depth, Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press. 10 (02), 165-182.

Levine, R., (2004) “Bank-based or Market-based Financial Systems: Which is better?” Journal of Financial Intermediation 11 (4), 398-428.

Levine, R., N., Loayza and T., Beck, (2000). Financial intermediation and growth: Causality and causes. Journal of monetary Economics, 46(1), 31-77.

Love, I., (2003). Financial development and financing constraints: International evidence from the structural investment model. Review of Financial studies, 16(3): 765-791.

Morck, R., D. Wolfenzon and B. Yeung, (2005). Corporate governance, economic entrenchment and growth. Journal of Economic Literature 6 (2), 102 - 106.

Mordi C.N.O. (2010). The Link between the Financial (Banking) Sector and the Real Economy. Central Bank of Nigeria. Economic and Financial Review, 48(4), 9-24.

Nautz, D., & Rondorf, U., (2010). The (in)stability of money demand in the euro area: lessons from the cross-country analysis. Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, SFP 646. Discussion Paper 2010-023.

Ndebbio, J.E., (2004). Financial deepening, economic growth and development: Evidence from selected sub-saharan african countries. AERC Working papers, 142.

Nwosu, C. P., and Hamman, H. M., (2008). The Nigerian Money Market: Issues and Challenges: Bullion, Publication of the Central Bank of Nigeria, 32(2), 51-66.

Nzotta, S., (2004). Money, banking and finance: Theory and practice. Owerri: Hudson—Jude Nigeria Publishers.

Nzotta, S., and E. Okereke, (2009). Financial deepening and economic development of nigeria: An empirical investigation. African Journal of Accounting, Economics, Finance and Banking Research, 5(5).

Okonjo, I., N., and K. Osafo, P., (2007). Nigeria‘s economic reforms: Progress and challenges. Brookings Global Economy and Development Working Paper (6)

Olofin, S., and U.J., Afangideh, (2008). Financial structure and economic growth in Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Securities and Finance, 1, 47-68.

Omotar, D.G., (2007) Financial development and economic growth: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. The Nigerian Journal of Economic and Social studies, 49(2), 209 -233

Onwioduokit, E and Adamu, P. (2005). Financial Liberalization in Nigeria: An Assessment of Relative Impact; Paper presented at the Nigerian Economic Society, 6 (8), 20-37

Onwioduokit, E., (2007). Financial Sector Development and Economic Growth in Nigeria. Paper presented at the Nigerian Economic Society,7 (9),71-96.

Raddatz, C., (2006). Liquidity needs and vulnerability to financial underdevelopment. Journal of financial economics, 80(3), 677-722.

Rajan, R.G., and L., Zingales, (2003). Saving capitalism from the capitalist. New York: Random House.

Saibu, M. O., Wakeel, A. I., & Nwosu, P. I.., (2009). Energy Prices and Macroeconomic Performance 6 (8), .1-10.

Senbet, L.W., & Otchere, I., (2005). Financial Sector Reforms in Africa: Perspectives on Issues and Policies. Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics (ABCDE), Dakar, Senegal. Pp. 1-61.

Shan, J. Z., & Morris, A., (2002). Does Financial Development ‘Lead Economic Growth? International Review of Applied Economics, 16(2), 153–168.

Umeredu, C., (2007). Liquidity shocks and asset price boom/bust circles. ECB Working Paper, 732.

Published
2018-08-10
How to Cite
Umasom, P. (2018). Money Market Instruments and Nigeria Inflation Rate: A Time Series Study. Asian Finance & Banking Review, 2(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.46281/asfbr.v2i2.11
Section
Research Paper/Theoretical Paper/Review Paper/Short Communication Paper