Testing Multi-Factor Models in ADRs: Emerging Market vs. Developed Market

  • Tingting Que Assistant Professor, College of Business, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Dr NW, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3997-557X
  • Wai Yin Mok Professor, College of Business, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Dr NW, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9729-6677
  • Kit Yee Cheung College of Business, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Dr NW, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0451-3957
Keywords: Carhart Four-Factor Model, Fama-French Five-Factor Model, ADRs, Developed Markets, Emerging Markets.

Abstract

This paper tests whether the Carhart four-factor model and the Fama-French five-factor model can explain variation in returns of 1,230 ADRs originating from six developed markets and five emerging markets. We aim to compare emerging market ADRs with developed market ADRs in terms of traditional risk factors significance, model fitness and the existence of abnormal returns. Overall, we find that substantial variations exist among ADRs by their origin-of-market. First, both models show that most of the positive abnormal returns we document accrue to emerging market ADRs, mainly Chinese ADRs. Among the risk factors, market risk premium is found to be most prevalent in both emerging and developed markets. Although we find some difference in the presence of particular risk factors employed in the four-factor vs. five-factor model, overall, there are no significant differences in the explanation power between the two models. Lastly, the low R2 values imply that both models do not work very well with the international market ADRs. 

Author Biographies

Tingting Que, Assistant Professor, College of Business, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Dr NW, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA

EDUCATION
Ph.D. Finance University of Iowa 2014

M.A. Economics University of Iowa 2008

B.A. Business Administration Sun Yat-sen University, China 2002

ACADEMIC POSITIONS
Assistant Professor of Finance University of Alabama in Huntsville 2014 Present


 

Wai Yin Mok, Professor, College of Business, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Dr NW, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA

EDUCATION

Ph.D., Computer Science, Brigham Young University, 1996

M.S., Computer Science, Brigham Young University, 1992

B.S., Computer Science, Brigham Young University, 1990

ACADEMIC POSITIONS

Professor of Information Systems, since Fall 2017

Research Fellow, City University of Hong Kong, June 2011 – July 2011

Research Fellow, City University of Hong Kong, July 2010 – August 2010 

Senior Research Fellow, City University of Hong Kong, May 2009 – July 2009

Senior Research Fellow, City University of Hong Kong, July 2008 – August 2008

Research Fellow, City University of Hong Kong, July 2007 – December 2007 

Tenured granted, August 2006 

Associate Professor of Information Systems, UAH, August 2004 

Assistant Professor of Information Systems, UAH, August 2001 – August 2004
Wai Yin Mok, April 2019

Assistant Professor of Information Systems, Utah State University, August 1999 – August 2001

Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Akron, August 1996 – August 1999

Research Assistant, Brigham Young University, July 1993 – August 1996 

Instructor, Brigham Young University, September 1994 – December 1994 

Assistant Lecturer, Hong Kong Polytechnic, October 1992 – July 1993

 

References

Alhaj-Yaseen, Y. S., & Ladd, D. (2019). Which sentiments do US investors follow when trading ADRs?. Journal of Economics and Finance, 43(3), 506-527.

Blau, B. M. (2017). Social trust and the liquidity of cross-listed securities. Journal of Business Research, 78, 155-171.

Boubakri, N., Cosset, J. C., & Samet, A. (2010). The choice of ADRs. Journal of Banking & Finance, 34(9), 2077-2095.

Capaul, C., Rowley, I., & Sharpe, W. F. (1993). International value and growth stock returns. Financial Analysts Journal, 49(1), 27-36.

Carhart, M. M. (1997). On persistence in mutual fund performance. The Journal of finance, 52(1), 57-82.

Chan, L. K., Hamao, Y., & Lakonishok, J. (1991). Fundamentals and stock returns in Japan. The journal of finance, 46(5), 1739-1764.

Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1992). The cross‐section of expected stock returns. the Journal of Finance, 47(2), 427-465.

Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1993). Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds. Journal of Financial Economics, 33(1), 3-56.

Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1998). Value versus growth: The international evidence. The journal of finance, 53(6), 1975-1999.

Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2015). A five-factor asset pricing model. Journal of financial economics, 116(1), 1-22.

Foye, J. (2018). A comprehensive test of the Fama-French five-factor model in emerging markets. Emerging Markets Review, 37, 199-222.

Griffin, J. M. (2002). Are the Fama and French factors global or country specific?. The Review of Financial Studies, 15(3), 783-803.

Hail, L., & Leuz, C. (2009). Cost of capital effects and changes in growth expectations around US cross-listings. Journal of financial economics, 93(3), 428-454.

Hong, H., Lim, T., & Stein, J. C. (2000). Bad news travels slowly: Size, analyst coverage, and the profitability of momentum strategies. The Journal of Finance, 55(1), 265-295.

Hou, K., Xue, C., & Zhang, L. (2015). Digesting anomalies: An investment approach. The Review of Financial Studies, 28(3), 650-705.

Jegadeesh, N. (1990). Evidence of predictable behavior of security returns. The Journal of finance, 45(3), 881-898.

Jegadeesh, N., & Titman, S. (1993). Returns to buying winners and selling losers: Implications for stock market efficiency. The Journal of finance, 48(1), 65-91.
JPMorgan. (2006). ADR Reference Guide.

Kadiyala, P., & Subrahmanyam, A. (2004). Divergence of US and Local Returns in the After‐market for Equity Issuing ADRs. European Financial Management, 10(3), 389-411.

Karolyi, G. A. (2006). The world of cross-listings and cross-listings of the world: Challenging conventional wisdom. Review of Finance, 10(1), 99-152.

Liew, J., & Vassalou, M. (2000). Can book-to-market, size and momentum be risk factors that predict economic growth?. Journal of Financial Economics, 57(2), 221-245.

Nijman, T., Swinkels, L., & Verbeek, M. (2004). Do countries or industries explain momentum in Europe?. Journal of Empirical Finance, 11(4), 461-481.
Published
2020-02-21
How to Cite
Que, T., Mok, W. Y., & Cheung, K. Y. (2020). Testing Multi-Factor Models in ADRs: Emerging Market vs. Developed Market. International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review, 5(1), 12-21. https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v5i1.486
Section
Research Paper/Theoretical Paper/Review Paper/Short Communication Paper