EFFECTS OF GREEN FINANCE ON NON PERFORMING LOAN OF BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH
Keywords:
Effect, Relationship, Green, Non-Performing Loan, Performance, Bad Debt.
Abstract
The banking sector in Bangladesh has been suffering from a high level of non-performing loans (NPLs). In recent years, incorporating green finance (GF) practices within banking institutions has received considerable attention as a potential solution to improve their loan performance. However, despite the extension of GF practices, there have been very few studies on the impact of GF on NPL and the relationship between GF and NPL in Bangladesh. This study, therefore, seeks to examine the effects of bank’s green finance schemes on their loan performance. This quantitative study employs the panel data of the banks from 2015 to 2023 and focuses on variables related to GF and NPL to serve this objective. Data validity was justified using the unit roots and collinearity tests, such as variance influence factor and tolerance level. Accordingly, this study employs the panel least square (PLS), panel ordinary least square (POLS) and fixed effect model (FEM), and quantile regression to examine the impact between these sets of variables. The correlation between GF schemes and NPL has been determined. The study reveals that GF has significant effects on NPL since p values for the significant green finance variables are less than 0.10 (P ≤.10) at the 0.10 level, less than 0.05 (p≤0.05) at the 0 .05 level and less than 0.01 (p≤0.01) at the 0.01 level. The results of this study suggest that taking the GF scheme into the banking investment would reduce NPLs and help design the policymaking of the government, banks, and other stakeholders.
JEL Classification Codes: C58, G 21 Q 53.
References
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Baitanayeva, B., Yerezhepova, A., Nurmanova, B., & Andabayeva, G. (2020). Current state and problems of alternative energy development in the world. E3S Web of Conferences, 159, 07004. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015907004
Baltagi, B. H. (2024). Hausman’s specification test for panel data: Practical tips. Advances in Econometrics, 46, 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/s0731-905320240000046002
Bressan, S. (2024). Does the environmental impact of banks affect their financial performance? - Journal of Banking Regulation, 25(3), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41261-024-00257-8
Charfeddine, L., & Ben Khediri, K. (2016). Financial Development and Environmental Quality in UAE: Cointegration with structural breaks. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55(3), 1322–1335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.059
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Fan, M., Mo, Z., Fu, H., Wu, T.-H., Chen, Z., & He, Y. (2024). Does climate policy uncertainty matter for bank value? Economic Change and Restructuring, 57(2), 56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09651-8
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Gjeçi, A., Marinč, M., & Rant, V. (2023). Non-performing loans and bank lending behavior. Risk Management, 25, 7. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41283-022-00111-z
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Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913827
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Hu, J.-L., & Kao, C.-H. (2007). Efficient Energy-saving targets for APEC economies. Energy Policy, 35(1), 373–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2005.11.032
Hui, L., Luo, Z., Liu, K., & A, S. (2024). Impact of pollution prevention practices and green environmental practices on sustainable performance: Empirical evidence from Chinese SMES. Environmental Research, 255, 118991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118991
Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics, 115(1), 53–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4076(03)00092-7
Islam, K., Motoshita, M., & Murakami, S. (2023). Environmental sustainability of bricks in an emerging economy: Current environmental hotspots and mitigation potentials for the future. Sustainability, 15(6), 5228. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065228
Iwata, H., & Okada, K. (2011). How does environmental performance affect financial performance? Evidence from Japanese manufacturing firms. Ecological Economics, 70(9), 1691–1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.05.010
Jha, A. K., & Kewate, S. P. (2024). Manufacturing of eco bricks: A sustainable solution for construction. International Conference on Innovative Product Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, 66(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024066028
King, A. A., & Lenox, M. J. (2001). Does it really pay to be green? An empirical study of firm environmental and Financial Performance: An empirical study of firm environmental and financial performance. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 5(1), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1162/108819801753358526
Krings, W. J., Sharmen, S., Faisal-E-Alam, M., & Bhuiyan, A. B. (2024). Divulging young population’s willingness to purchase green products. Bangladesh Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 9(3), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.46281/bjmsr.v9i3.2237
Li, Y., & Lin, A. (2024). Assessing the impact of Green Finance on Financial Performance in Chinese eco-friendly enterprise. Heliyon, 10(7), e29075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29075
Lohri, C. R., Camenzind, E. J., & Zurbrügg, C. (2014). Financial Sustainability in municipal solid waste management – costs and revenues in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Waste Management, 34(2), 542–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.10.014
Maddala, G. S., & Wu, S. (1999). A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61(s1), 631–652. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.61.s1.13
Mainzer, R. (2018). The effect of a preliminary Hausman test on confidence intervals. Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society, 98(3), 518–519. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0004972718000655
Manz, F. (2019). Determinants of non-performing loans: What do we know? A systematic review and avenues for future research. Management Review Quarterly, 69(4), 351–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-019-00156-7
Mavlutova, I., Spilbergs, A., Verdenhofs, A., Kuzmina, J., Arefjevs, I., & Natrins, A. (2023). The role of Green Finance in fostering the sustainability of the economy and renewable energy supply: Recent issues and challenges. Energies, 16(23), 7712. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237712
Mutl, J., & Pfaffermayr, M. (2011). The hausman test in a cliff and Ord Panel model. The Econometrics Journal, 14(1), 48–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423x.2010.00325.x
Omri, A., Euchi, J., Hasaballah, A. H., & Al-Tit, A. (2019). Determinants of environmental sustainability: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Science of the Total Environment, 657, 1592–1601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.111
Ozili, P. K. (2023). Sustainable development and bank non-performing loans: Are they correlated? Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, 42(3), 551–565. https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0028
Pačaiová, H., Turisová, R., Glatz, J., & Onofrejová, D. (2024). Sustainability assessment of Machinery Safety in a manufacturing organization using AHP and CART methods. Sustainability, 16(9), 3718. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093718
Panchal, R., Singh, A., & Diwan, H. (2021). Does circular economy performance lead to sustainable development? – A systematic literature review. Journal of Environmental Management, 293, 112811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112811
Rahman, Md. A., Asaduzzaman, Md., & Hossin, Md. S. (2016). Impact of financial ratios on non-performing loans of publicly traded commercial banks in Bangladesh. International Journal of Financial Research, 8(1), 181. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v8n1p181
Rasoulinezhad, E., & Taghizadeh-Hesary, F. (2022). Role of green finance in improving energy efficiency and renewable energy development. Energy Efficiency, 15(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-022-10021-4
Rehman, A., Ullah, I., Afridi, F.-A., Ullah, Z., Zeeshan, M., Hussain, A., & Rahman, H. U. (2021). Adoption of green banking practices and environmental performance in Pakistan: A demonstration of structural equation modeling. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(9), 13200–13220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01206-x
Shi, N., Ren, Z., Zhang, Q., & Xiong, Y. (2024). The relationship between carbon intensity of loans and renewable energy production: A cross-country analysis of developmental stage and financial system maturity effects. Journal of Cleaner Production, 434, 140318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140318
Shinwari, R., Yangjie, W., Payab, A. H., Kubiczek, J., & Dördüncü, H. (2022). What drives investment in renewable energy resources? Evaluating the role of Natural Resources Volatility and Economic Performance for China. Resources Policy, 77, 102712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102712
Song, J. (2021). Analysis of the impact of green credit on the operating efficiency of listed commercial banks based on Python. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1, 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79200-8_2
Stijepović, R. (2014). Recovery and reduction of non-performing loans – Podgorica approach. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 3(3), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2014-0017
Surul, O., Bilir, T., Gholampour, A., Sutcu, M., Ozbakkaloglu, T., & Gencel, O. (2020). Recycle of ground granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash on eco-friendly brick production. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 26(5), 1738–1756. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2020.1731714
Welham, S. J., & Thompson, R. (1997). Likelihood ratio tests for fixed model terms using residual maximum likelihood. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology, 59(3), 701–714. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9868.00092
Wu, X. (2023). Achieving renewable energy transition through financial stability of renewable energy companies and banking facility. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(57), 120174–120187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30134-2
Yang, B., Ali, M., Nazir, M. R., Ullah, W., & Qayyum, M. (2020). Financial instability and CO 2 emissions: cross-country evidence. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 13, 459-468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00809-7
Al-Qudah, A. A., Hamdan, A., Al-Okaily, M., & Alhaddad, L. (2023). The impact of green lending on credit risk: Evidence from UAE’s banks. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(22), 61381-61393. https://doi.org /10.1007/s11356-021-18224-5
Arduini, S., & Beck, T. (2024). The state of the art of academic research on non-performing loans: A Structured Literature Review. International Journal of Business Administration, 15(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v15n3p1
Aryani Siregar, S., Napitupulu, H., & Ginting, R. (2020). Identification of factors affecting a green industry: A literature review. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 801(1), 012097. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/801/1/012097
Baitanayeva, B., Yerezhepova, A., Nurmanova, B., & Andabayeva, G. (2020). Current state and problems of alternative energy development in the world. E3S Web of Conferences, 159, 07004. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015907004
Baltagi, B. H. (2024). Hausman’s specification test for panel data: Practical tips. Advances in Econometrics, 46, 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/s0731-905320240000046002
Bressan, S. (2024). Does the environmental impact of banks affect their financial performance? - Journal of Banking Regulation, 25(3), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41261-024-00257-8
Charfeddine, L., & Ben Khediri, K. (2016). Financial Development and Environmental Quality in UAE: Cointegration with structural breaks. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55(3), 1322–1335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.059
Dunlop, T. (2022). Energy efficiency: The evolution of a motherhood concept. Social Studies of Science, 52(5), 710–732. https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127221096171
Fan, M., Mo, Z., Fu, H., Wu, T.-H., Chen, Z., & He, Y. (2024). Does climate policy uncertainty matter for bank value? Economic Change and Restructuring, 57(2), 56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09651-8
Filyaw, M. H. (2022). Recycled plastics in food contact. Global Legislation for Food Contact Materials, 2, 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821181-6.00010-7
Ganda, F., Ngwakwe, C. C., & Ambe, C. M. (2015). Environmental consciousness as a factor which promotes firm Green Investment Practices in Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed firms. Corporate Ownership and Control, 12(4), 440–450. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i4c4p2
Ghisellini, P., Cialani, C., & Ulgiati, S. (2016). A review on Circular Economy: The expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 11–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007
Gjeçi, A., Marinč, M., & Rant, V. (2023). Non-performing loans and bank lending behavior. Risk Management, 25, 7. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41283-022-00111-z
Guan, R., Zheng, H., Hu, J., Fang, Q., & Ren, R. (2017). The higher carbon intensity of loans, the higher non-performing loan ratio: The case of China. Sustainability, 9(4), 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9040667
Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913827
Henry Ntarmah, A., Kong, Y., & Kobina Gyan, M. (2019). Banking System Stability and economic sustainability: A panel data analysis of the effect of banking system stability on sustainability of some selected developing countries. Quantitative Finance and Economics, 3(4), 709–738. https://doi.org/10.3934/qfe.2019.4.709
Hu, J.-L., & Kao, C.-H. (2007). Efficient Energy-saving targets for APEC economies. Energy Policy, 35(1), 373–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2005.11.032
Hui, L., Luo, Z., Liu, K., & A, S. (2024). Impact of pollution prevention practices and green environmental practices on sustainable performance: Empirical evidence from Chinese SMES. Environmental Research, 255, 118991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118991
Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics, 115(1), 53–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4076(03)00092-7
Islam, K., Motoshita, M., & Murakami, S. (2023). Environmental sustainability of bricks in an emerging economy: Current environmental hotspots and mitigation potentials for the future. Sustainability, 15(6), 5228. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065228
Iwata, H., & Okada, K. (2011). How does environmental performance affect financial performance? Evidence from Japanese manufacturing firms. Ecological Economics, 70(9), 1691–1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.05.010
Jha, A. K., & Kewate, S. P. (2024). Manufacturing of eco bricks: A sustainable solution for construction. International Conference on Innovative Product Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, 66(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024066028
King, A. A., & Lenox, M. J. (2001). Does it really pay to be green? An empirical study of firm environmental and Financial Performance: An empirical study of firm environmental and financial performance. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 5(1), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1162/108819801753358526
Krings, W. J., Sharmen, S., Faisal-E-Alam, M., & Bhuiyan, A. B. (2024). Divulging young population’s willingness to purchase green products. Bangladesh Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 9(3), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.46281/bjmsr.v9i3.2237
Li, Y., & Lin, A. (2024). Assessing the impact of Green Finance on Financial Performance in Chinese eco-friendly enterprise. Heliyon, 10(7), e29075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29075
Lohri, C. R., Camenzind, E. J., & Zurbrügg, C. (2014). Financial Sustainability in municipal solid waste management – costs and revenues in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Waste Management, 34(2), 542–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.10.014
Maddala, G. S., & Wu, S. (1999). A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61(s1), 631–652. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.61.s1.13
Mainzer, R. (2018). The effect of a preliminary Hausman test on confidence intervals. Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society, 98(3), 518–519. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0004972718000655
Manz, F. (2019). Determinants of non-performing loans: What do we know? A systematic review and avenues for future research. Management Review Quarterly, 69(4), 351–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-019-00156-7
Mavlutova, I., Spilbergs, A., Verdenhofs, A., Kuzmina, J., Arefjevs, I., & Natrins, A. (2023). The role of Green Finance in fostering the sustainability of the economy and renewable energy supply: Recent issues and challenges. Energies, 16(23), 7712. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237712
Mutl, J., & Pfaffermayr, M. (2011). The hausman test in a cliff and Ord Panel model. The Econometrics Journal, 14(1), 48–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423x.2010.00325.x
Omri, A., Euchi, J., Hasaballah, A. H., & Al-Tit, A. (2019). Determinants of environmental sustainability: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Science of the Total Environment, 657, 1592–1601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.111
Ozili, P. K. (2023). Sustainable development and bank non-performing loans: Are they correlated? Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, 42(3), 551–565. https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0028
Pačaiová, H., Turisová, R., Glatz, J., & Onofrejová, D. (2024). Sustainability assessment of Machinery Safety in a manufacturing organization using AHP and CART methods. Sustainability, 16(9), 3718. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093718
Panchal, R., Singh, A., & Diwan, H. (2021). Does circular economy performance lead to sustainable development? – A systematic literature review. Journal of Environmental Management, 293, 112811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112811
Rahman, Md. A., Asaduzzaman, Md., & Hossin, Md. S. (2016). Impact of financial ratios on non-performing loans of publicly traded commercial banks in Bangladesh. International Journal of Financial Research, 8(1), 181. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v8n1p181
Rasoulinezhad, E., & Taghizadeh-Hesary, F. (2022). Role of green finance in improving energy efficiency and renewable energy development. Energy Efficiency, 15(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-022-10021-4
Rehman, A., Ullah, I., Afridi, F.-A., Ullah, Z., Zeeshan, M., Hussain, A., & Rahman, H. U. (2021). Adoption of green banking practices and environmental performance in Pakistan: A demonstration of structural equation modeling. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(9), 13200–13220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01206-x
Shi, N., Ren, Z., Zhang, Q., & Xiong, Y. (2024). The relationship between carbon intensity of loans and renewable energy production: A cross-country analysis of developmental stage and financial system maturity effects. Journal of Cleaner Production, 434, 140318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140318
Shinwari, R., Yangjie, W., Payab, A. H., Kubiczek, J., & Dördüncü, H. (2022). What drives investment in renewable energy resources? Evaluating the role of Natural Resources Volatility and Economic Performance for China. Resources Policy, 77, 102712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102712
Song, J. (2021). Analysis of the impact of green credit on the operating efficiency of listed commercial banks based on Python. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1, 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79200-8_2
Stijepović, R. (2014). Recovery and reduction of non-performing loans – Podgorica approach. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 3(3), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2014-0017
Surul, O., Bilir, T., Gholampour, A., Sutcu, M., Ozbakkaloglu, T., & Gencel, O. (2020). Recycle of ground granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash on eco-friendly brick production. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 26(5), 1738–1756. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2020.1731714
Welham, S. J., & Thompson, R. (1997). Likelihood ratio tests for fixed model terms using residual maximum likelihood. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology, 59(3), 701–714. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9868.00092
Wu, X. (2023). Achieving renewable energy transition through financial stability of renewable energy companies and banking facility. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(57), 120174–120187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30134-2
Yang, B., Ali, M., Nazir, M. R., Ullah, W., & Qayyum, M. (2020). Financial instability and CO 2 emissions: cross-country evidence. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 13, 459-468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00809-7
Published
2024-12-16
How to Cite
Siddikee, M. J. A., Haq, A. Z., Parvin, S., Ahammed, M. M. U., & Zabin, S. (2024). EFFECTS OF GREEN FINANCE ON NON PERFORMING LOAN OF BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH. Bangladesh Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 9(6), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.46281/bjmsr.v9i6.2263
Section
Research Paper/Theoretical Paper/Review Paper/Short Communication Paper
Copyright (c) 2024 Md. Jahangir Alam Siddikee, AHM Ziaul Haq, Shanaz Parvin, Md. Main Uddin Ahmmed, Sakila Zabin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
