Basics of Acute Postoperative Pain
Keywords:
General Anesthesia-Regional Anesthesia- Acute Post Operative Pain -Upper Abdominal Surgery.
Abstract
Acute pain is an important fear for most patients and influences their recovery and overall experience. Poorly treated, it could lead to undesirable effects and patient dissatisfaction. Hence, it is important to understand, assess and treat acute pain effectively. Pain management has been transferred from intraoperative into per operative period throughout the emergence of modern anesthesiology. Pain management in postoperative period is one of the most essential components of sufficient post-surgical patients care. The objective of this review is to define and demonstrate the risks and different sequelae of acute post operative pain.
References
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intrathecal pump implant for chronic nonmalignant low back pain.
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29-McQuay HJ, Barden J, Moore RA. Clinically important changes-what’s important and whose change is it anyway? J Pain Symptom Manage 2003; 25(5): 395–396.
30-Niraj G and Rowbotham J.Persistent postoperative pain: where are we now? Br J Anaesth 2011, 107: 25-29.
2-Kumar S, Gupta R, Kaleem AM, et al. Mitigation of pain and anaesthetic drugs. OA Anaesthetics 2014 Jan 18;2(1):2.
3- Sriwatanakul K, Kelvie W, Lasagna L. The quantification of pain: an analysis of words used to describe pain and analgesia in clinical trials. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999; 32(2): 143-48.
4-American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Acute Pain Management. Practice guidelines for acute pain management the perioperative setting: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Acute Pain Management. Anesthesiology 2012; 116: 248–73.
5-Flisberg P, Rudin ˚ Α, Linnér R, Lundberg CJ. Pain relief and safety after major surgery. A prospective study of epidural and intravenous analgesia in 2696 patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2003;47:457-65.
6-Cousins M and Power I. Acute postoperative pain. In Wall PD, Melzack R, editors. Textbook of pain. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1999. 447-91.
7-Van den Beuken-van Everdingen MH, de Rijke JM, Kessels AG, et al. Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: A systematic review of the past 40 years. Ann
Oncol 2007;18:1437–49.
8-Kehlet H, Jensen TS, Woolf CJ. Persistent postsurgical pain: risk factors and prevention. Lancet 2006; 367, 1618–1625.
9-Kehlet H, Wilmore DW: Evidence-based surgical care and the evolution of fast-track surgery. Ann Surg 2008; 248:189 –98.
10- Macintyre PE and Schug SA. Adverse effects of undertreated severe acute pain. In Acute pain management: a practical guide. 3rd ed. Edinburgh, London, New York, Oxford, Philadelphia, St Louis, Sydney, Toronto, Saunders: Elsevier; 2007: 1-7.
11- Habler H-J, Janig W, Koltzenberg M. Activation of unmyelinated afferent fibers by mechanical stimuli and inflammation of the urinary bladder in the cat. J Physiol (Lond). 1990;425:545-562.
12-Lehmann KA Recent developments in patient-controlled analgesia J Pain Symptom Manage 2005;29: S72-89.
13- Raj P. MD Celiac Plexus/Splanchnic Nerve Blocks Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management, Vol 5, No 3 (July), 2001: pp 102-115.
14-Southall JL, Beddall C, Raphael JH. Cost utility analysis of
intrathecal pump implant for chronic nonmalignant low back pain.
Neuromodulation 2006;9:156-7.
15-Machata AM, Kabon B, Willschke H, et al. A new instrument for pain assessment in the immediate postoperative period. Anaesthesia 2009; 64(4): 392–398.
16- Grond S. Zecb D. Diefenbach C, Radbruch L. Lehmann KA: Assessment of cancer pain: a prospective evaluation in 2266 cancer patients referred to a pain service. Pain 64:107- 114. 2007.
17-Macintyre PE and Schug SA. Adverse effects of undertreated severe acute pain. In Acute pain management: a practical guide. 3rd ed. Edinburgh, London, New York, Oxford, Philadelphia, St Louis, Sydney, Toronto, Saunders: Elsevier; 2007: 1-7.
18-Macintyre PE, Schug SA, Scott DA, Visser EJ, Walker SM; APM: SE Working Group of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anesthetists and Faculty of Pain Medicine. Acute Pain Management: Scientific Evidence (3rd edition), ANZCA & FPM, Melbourne, 2010.
19- Bailey PL, Egan TD, Stanley TH. Intravenous opioid anesthetic. In: Miller RD, ed. Anesthesia. 5th Ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone 2011: 273-386.
20-Lansky AJ, Stone GW. Periprocedural myocardial infarction: prevalence, prognosis, and prevention. Circ Cardiovasc Inters. 2010; 3: 602– 610.
21-Liu SS, Wu CL. Effect of postoperative analgesia on major postoperative complications: a systematic update of the evidence. Anesth Analg 2007; 104:689-702.
22-Block BM, Liu SS, Rowlingson AJ, et al. Efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia versus systemic opioids: ameta-analysis. JAMA 2003; 290:2455–63.
23-Woodtorde JM, Fielding JR: Pain and cancer. In: Weisenberg M (Ed): Pain, Clinical and Experimental Perspectives. St. Louis• CV Mosby. 1975. pp I-II.
24-Bouman EA, Theunissen M, Bons SA, van Mook WN, Gramke HF, van Kleef M, Marcus MA. Reduced incidence of chronic postsurgical pain after epidural analgesia for abdominal surgery. Pain Practice 2013 doi: 10.1111/papr.12091
25-Cook TM, Counsel D, Wildsmith JAW: Major complications of central neuraxial block: report on the 3rd National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists.Br J Anaesth 2009,102:179–190.
26-Bujedo BM, Santos SG, Azpiazu AU. A review of epidural and intrathecal opioids used in the management of postoperative pain. Journal of Opioid Management 2012;8 (3)177-192.
27-Koneti KK and Jones M. Management of acute pain .Surgery (Oxford) 2013; 31(2): 77-83.
28-Retsky M, Rogers R, Demicheli R, et al. NSAID analgesic ketorolac used perioperatively may suppress early breast cancer relapse: particular relevance to triple negative subgroup. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 134: 881–8.
29-McQuay HJ, Barden J, Moore RA. Clinically important changes-what’s important and whose change is it anyway? J Pain Symptom Manage 2003; 25(5): 395–396.
30-Niraj G and Rowbotham J.Persistent postoperative pain: where are we now? Br J Anaesth 2011, 107: 25-29.
Published
2018-09-08
How to Cite
MD, A. A. M. E., & Foli, A. M. E. (2018). Basics of Acute Postoperative Pain. American International Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 1(2), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.46281/aijmsr.v1i2.183
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Section
Research Paper/Theoretical Paper/Review Paper/Short Communication Paper
Copyright (c) 2018 Alaa Ali M. Elzohry MD ,Ali M. El Foli
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
